Quantum Dots 2025: 2nm CdSe 95% QY, 95% Solar Boost, $12B Display Market, 1000x Brightness

2NM CDSE • 95% QUANTUM YIELD • 95% SOLAR EFFICIENCY • $12B QLED MARKET

❓ Quantum Dot Size vs Emission?

2nm CdSe = 520nm green, 6nm = 620nm red. E_g = 4.2 + 0.45/d^2 eV confinement energy gives 95% quantum yield, 1000x brighter displays.

Quantum Confinement Bandgap Engineering

CdSe quantum dots: E_g = E_bulk + ħ²π²/(2μR²) where R=2-6nm. 2nm dots emit 520nm green (2.4eV), 6nm emit 620nm red (2.0eV). ZnS shell passivation achieves 95% quantum yield vs 20% core-only.

Size	Wavelength	QY	Material
2nm	520nm Green	95%	CdSe/ZnS
4nm	580nm Yellow	92%	InP
6nm	620nm Red	90%	CdSe

Quantum dots enable QLED displays, solar cells, bioimaging.

Solar Cell Efficiency Engineering

Quantum dot solar cells achieve 95% spectrum utilization vs silicon 30%. Multiple exciton generation (MEG) yields 2+ electrons/photon above 3Eg. Tandem perovskite-QD cells reach 32% efficiency vs 26% single junction.

QLED Display Specifications

Samsung QLED: 1000 nits peak brightness, 95% DCI-P3 color gamut, 0.1ms response time. External quantum efficiency 21% vs OLED 8%. Lifetime >100K hours at 1000 cd/m².

Technology	Efficiency	Color Gamut	Lifetime
QLED	21% EQE	95% DCI-P3	100K hrs
OLED	8% EQE	90% DCI-P3	50K hrs
LCD	5% EQE	70% DCI-P3	60K hrs

Quantum Dot Market Leaders 2025

Company	QY	Production	Revenue
Nanosys	95%	10 tons/yr	$3.2B
Samsung Display	92%	50 tons/yr	$4.8B
QD Vision	90%	5 tons/yr	$2.1B

Biomedical Engineering Applications

Multiplexed imaging: 6 colors simultaneous with 2nm spectral separation. In vivo tumor tracking: 808nm NIR-II window, 10cm penetration. Drug delivery: pH-responsive QD release, 95% payload efficiency.